Right. The whole cycle is actually called ENSO–the El Nino-Southern Oscillation.

没错。其完整周期被称为厄尔尼诺-南方涛动。

But the ENSO is not the only factor.

但 ENSO 并不是唯一的因素。

Though enso does not operate in isolation from climatic warming, the exact relationship between the two continues to perplex modellers.

尽管 enso 并非独立于气候变暖而运作，但两者之间的确切关系继续困扰着建模者。

In a year without enso effects, the trade winds blowing east to west across the Pacific push near-surface warm water in the same direction.

在没有恩索效应的一年中，从东向西吹过太平洋的信风将近地表的暖水推向同一方向。

El Nino has arrived Operating on top of this background of ocean warming is a natural climate cycle called the El Nino-Southern Oscillation, or ENSO.

厄尔尼诺现象已经到来 在海洋变暖的背景下运作的是一种自然气候循环，称为厄尔尼诺-南方涛动（ENSO）。

During neutral ENSO conditions, the trade winds blow westward against the surface of the Pacific Ocean, pushing warm water toward Indonesia and triggering the upwelling of cold water from the ocean's depths along the South American coast.

在中性 ENSO 条件下，信风向西吹向太平洋表面，将温暖的海水推向印度尼西亚，并引发南美海岸沿线海洋深处的冷水上涌。