化学平衡（英语：Chemical equilibrium）是指在宏观条件一定的可逆反应中，化学反应正逆反应速率相等，反应物和生成物各组分浓度不再改变的状态。可用Δ_rG_m=Σ_νΑμΑ=0判断，μ_A是反应中A物质的化学势。也就是说，化学反应达到平衡状态，意味着生成物的吉布斯自由能G达到最小。理论上来讲，对于产物已知的化学反应，应用吉布斯最小自由能法，结合反应物和生成物的热力学数据，就可以计算出平衡产物。

化学反应不一定都能达到平衡状态，如纯化学反应物之间生成纯的产物就无法达到平衡，直到反应物耗完为止。理论上讲，任何化学反应都是可逆反应，只不过对于平衡常数非常大的化学反应，由于反应进行得很彻底，就认为该反应不可逆。

In a chemical reaction, chemical equilibrium is the state in which both reactants and products are present in concentrations which have no further tendency to change with time. Usually, this state results when the forward reaction proceeds at the same rate as the reverse reaction. The reaction rates of the forward and backward reactions are generally not zero, but equal. Thus, there are no net changes in the concentrations of the reactant(s) and product(s). Such a state is known as dynamic equilibrium.