火星探测计划 （ExoMars，Exobiology on Mars）是宇宙生物学调查火星过去居住环境的专案计划，为在本世纪20年代的火星样本取回任务专案计划铺路和展示新技术。

这个计划是由欧洲航天局（ESA）和俄罗斯联邦航天局合作的专案。这个专案将使用两艘火箭发射几个太空船元素去火星，搜索过去或现在火星生命的生物特征（biosignature）。火星微量气体任务卫星（ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter，TGO）和一个测试用固定在火星表面，不动的斯基亚帕雷利EDM登陆器在2016年3月14日发射。TGO将在2018年10月19日引导斯基亚帕雷利登陆火星，然后继续进行火星上甲烷和其它气体的来源映射。TGO携带着四种特别的仪器，也将作为通信的中继卫星。

ExoMars (Exobiology on Mars) is an astrobiology project to investigate the past habitability environment of Mars and to demonstrate new technologies paving the way for a future Mars sample return mission in the 2020s.

ExoMars is a joint mission of European Space Agency (ESA) and Russian Federal Space Agency (Roscosmos). The mission will search for biosignatures of Martian life, past or present, employing several spacecraft elements to be sent to Mars on two launches. The ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter (TGO) and a test stationary lander called Schiaparelli were launched on 14 March 2016. The TGO will deliver Schiaparelli lander in 19 October 2016, and then proceed to map the sources of methane on Mars and other gases, while the lander will test new key landing technologies for the 2020 mission. The TGO features four instruments and will also act as a communications relay satellite.