Fugacity 逸度
In chemical thermodynamics, the fugacity of a real gas is an effective partial pressure which replaces the mechanical partial pressure in an accurate computation of the chemical equilibrium constant. It is equal to the pressure of an ideal gas which has the same chemical potential as the real gas. For example, nitrogen gas (N2) at 0 °C and a pressure of P = 100 atm has a fugacity of f = 97.03 atm. This means that the chemical potential of real nitrogen at a pressure of 100 atm is less than if nitrogen were an ideal gas; the value of the chemical potential is that which nitrogen as an ideal gas would have at a pressure of 97.03 atm.
表示。它等于相同条件下具有相同化学势的理想气体的压强。在与化学势有关的描述理想气体性质的热力学式子中用逸度代替活度，即可得到相应的描述实际气体性质的关系式。例如 0°C 下 100个大气压的氮气的逸度为 97.03 个大气压，这意味着它与 97.03 个大气压下的氮气理想气体有着相同的化学势。逸度可以通过实验测定，也可以用范德华气体模型估算。逸度与压强的比值称为逸度系数
，它是无量纲量。如下式所示。