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单词 Gauss theorem
释义

Gauss theorem

中文百科

高斯散度定理 Divergence theorem

(重定向自Gauss theorem)
散度定理可以用来计算穿过闭曲面的通量,例如,任何左边的曲面;散度定理不可以用来计算穿过具有边界的曲面,例如,任何右边的曲面。在这图内,曲面以蓝色显示,边界以红色显示。
例子所对应的矢量场。注意,矢量可能指向球面的内侧或者外侧。

高斯公式,又称为散度定理高斯散度定理高斯-奥斯特罗格拉德斯基公式高-奥公式,是指在矢量分析中,一个把矢量场通过曲面的流动(即通量)与曲面内部的矢量场的表现联系起来的定理。

更加精确地说,高斯公式说明矢量场穿过曲面的通量,等于散度在曲面围起来的体积上的积分。直观地,所有源点的和减去所有汇点的和,就是流出这区域的净流量。

高斯公式在工程数学中是一个很重要的结果,特别是静电学和流体力学。

在物理和工程中,散度定理通常运用在三维空间中。然而,它可以推广到任意维数。在一维,它等价于微积分基本定理;在二维,它等价于格林公式。

英语百科

Divergence theorem 高斯散度定理

(重定向自Gauss theorem)
A region V bounded by the surface S = ∂V with the surface normal n
The divergence theorem can be used to calculate a flux through a closed surface that fully encloses a volume, like any of the surfaces on the left. It can not directly be used to calculate the flux through surfaces with boundaries, like those on the right. (Surfaces are blue, boundaries are red.)
The vector field corresponding to the example shown. Note, vectors may point into or out of the sphere.

In vector calculus, the divergence theorem, also known as Gauss's theorem or Ostrogradsky's theorem, is a result that relates the flow (that is, flux) of a vector field through a surface to the behavior of the vector field inside the surface.

More precisely, the divergence theorem states that the outward flux of a vector field through a closed surface is equal to the volume integral of the divergence over the region inside the surface. Intuitively, it states that the sum of all sources minus the sum of all sinks gives the net flow out of a region.

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更新时间:2025/6/18 4:24:10