Vernacular language, once scorned as suitable for popular literature and little else - and still criticized throughout much of Europe as crude, limited and immature - had become recognized for its inherent qualities.

白话语言曾一度被嘲笑为只适合通俗文学，但在欧洲大部分地区仍被批评为粗糙、局限和不成熟——但其内在品质已得到认可。