东方蜜蜂（学名：Apis cerana），蜜蜂属下的一个蜜蜂品种，自然分布范围西达巴基斯坦、东至**与日本、北达俄罗斯远东地区的乌苏里、中国西北的青海与甘肃、南达印度尼西亚与巴布亚新几内亚，包括整个南亚、东南亚与东亚，近几年更扩展至澳大利亚北部，日本的某些岛屿也有再引入计划。东方蜜蜂有不同的俗名，也可称为亚洲蜜蜂、土蜜蜂、野蜂等等，各地的称呼也不同，在中国称为中蜂，在日本称为日本蜂，在印度称为印度蜜蜂。

Apis cerana, or the Asiatic honey bee (or the eastern honey bee), is a species of honey bee found in southern and southeastern Asia, including China, Pakistan, India, Korea, Japan, Malaysia, Nepal, Bangladesh, Papua New Guinea and Solomon Islands. This species is the sister species of Apis koschevnikovi, and both are in the same subgenus as the western (European) honey bee, Apis mellifera. A. cerana is known to live sympatrically as well with Apis koschevnikovi within the same geographic location. Apis cerana colonies are known for building nests consisting of multiple combs in cavities containing a small entrance, presumably for defense against invasion by individuals of another nest. The diet of this honey bee species consists mostly of pollen and nectar, or honey. Moreover, Apis cerana is known for its highly social behavior, reflective of its classification as a type of honey bee.