科索沃和梅托希亚自治省（塞尔维亚语：Аутономна Покрајина Косово и Метохиja/Autonomna Pokrajina Kosovo i Metohija；阿尔巴尼亚语：Krahina Autonome e Kosovës dhe Metohisë）是1999年塞尔维亚在联合国临时行政当局特派团接管科索沃地区之前，设立于科索沃地区的一个自治省。科索沃和梅托希亚民族构成复杂，其中阿尔巴尼亚人为主体民族，塞尔维亚人为第二大民族。科索沃和梅托希亚有两种官方语言。最大都市是普里什蒂纳。

Kosovo and Metohija (КиМ/KiM), officially the Autonomous Province of Kosovo and Metohija (Serbian:Аутономна Покрајина Косово и Метохиja, Autonomna Pokrajina Kosovo i Metohija; Albanian:Krahina Autonome e Kosovës dhe Metohisë), known simply as Kosmet (Космет), refers to the region of Kosovo as defined in the Constitution of Serbia. The autonomous province is a disputed region, with the territory controlled and represented by the authorities of the Republic of Kosovo, and UNMIK. The region is designated as lying in south Serbia, and comprises the territory of Kosovo but the western region is called Metohija (separate from Kosovo within Serbian definition); this means 'Monastic Estates' in English. Between April 1992 and 2006, Serbia itself was a constituent republic of Serbia and Montenegro, for most of the time this was called the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia.