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单词 Looking glass self
释义

Looking glass self

中文百科

镜中自我

这张图片说明了镜中自我。图中此人看像四面镜子, 显示并反馈了自己在他人心中所呈现的形象。

镜中自我(英文looking-glass self) 是由查尔斯·库利所提出,他认为每一个人对他人都是一面镜子,反应出他人所表现过的事情。即说明个人对自己的概念是基于他人对自己的反应和知觉所产生,因此,个体对自我的看法有相当部分是受到重要他人的影响。此种理论亦属「象征交互论」的理论先驱。

库利在《人性和社会秩序》(1902)一书中提出此概念。他认为,人的自我意识是在与他人的交互过程中通过想像他人对自己的评价而获得的。在与他人的交往中,人们首先想像自己在他人眼中的形象如何,其次想像他人对自己的形象如何评价,最后根据他人对自己的评价形成自我感。犹如人们在镜子中看到自己的形象,人们从他人对自己的判断和评价这面「镜子」中发展出自我意识。因此,人的性格不是遗传而来的本能,而是在社会交互的过程中逐步习得、形成的社会性产物。 库利的「镜中自我」概念,对乔治·贺伯特·米德(George Herbert Mead)等符号交互论者关于自我的概念以及角色理论产生过重大的影响。但此学说也遭到米德批评"缺乏反思性"

英语百科

Looking glass self 镜中自我

This drawing depicts the looking-glass self. The person at the front of the image is looking into four mirrors, each of which reflects someone else's image of him back to him.

The looking-glass self is a social psychological concept, created by Charles Horton Cooley in 1902 (McIntyre 2006), stating that a person's self grows out of society's interpersonal interactions and the pe****tions of others. The term refers to people shaping their self-concepts based on their understanding of how others perceive them. Cooley clarified that society is an interweaving and inter-working of mental selves. The term "looking glass self" was first used by Cooley in his work, Human Nature and the Social Order in 1902.

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更新时间:2025/6/28 16:12:19