机械能（英：Mechanical energy）又作力学能，是指宏观物质所表现出的势能（位能）E_p与动能E_k的总和。

机械能守恒定律（law of conservation of mechanical energy）是动力学中的基本定律，即任何物体系统滚摆如无外力做功，系统内又只有保守力做功时，则系统的机械能（动能与势能之和）保持不变。外力做功为零，表明没有从外界输入机械功；只有保守力做功，即只有动能和势能的转化，而无机械能转化为其他能，符合这两条件的机械能守恒对一切惯性参考系都成立。这个定律的简化说法为：质点（或质点系）在势场中运动时，其动能和势能的和保持不变；或称物体在重力场中运动时动能和势能之和不变。这一说法隐含可以忽略不计产生势力场的物体（如地球）的动能的变化。这只能在一些特殊的惯性参考系如地球参考系中才成立。

In the physical sciences, mechanical energy is the sum of potential energy and kinetic energy. It is the energy associated with the motion and position of an object. The principle of conservation of mechanical energy states that in an isolated system that is only subject to conservative forces the mechanical energy is constant. If an object is moved in the opposite direction of a conservative net force, the potential energy will increase and if the speed (not the velocity) of the object is changed, the kinetic energy of the object is changed as well. In all real systems, however, non-conservative forces, like frictional forces, will be present, but often they are of negligible values and the mechanical energy's being constant can therefore be a useful approximation. In elastic collisions, the mechanical energy is conserved but in inelastic collisions, some mechanical energy is converted into heat. The equivalence between lost mechanical energy (dissipation) and an increase in temperature was discovered by James Prescott Joule.