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单词 Methyltyrosine
释义

Methyltyrosine

中文百科

儿茶酚胺 Catecholamine

（重定向自Methyltyrosine）
Estructura de las catecolaminas y sustancias relacionadas (en rojo, arriba a la izquierda.
Biosíntesis de las catecolaminas.
Human biosynthesis pathway for trace amines and catecholamines[5][6] L-Phenylalanine L-Tyrosine L-Dopa Epinephrine Phenethylamine p-Tyramine Dopamine Norepinephrine N-Methylphenethylamine N-Methyltyramine p-Octopamine Synephrine 3-Methoxytyramine AADC AADC AADC PNMT PNMT PNMT PNMT AAAH AAAH COMT DBH DBH L-Phenylalanine is converted into L-tyrosine by the enzyme Aromatic amino acid hydroxylase (AAAH), with molecular oxygen (O2) and tetrahydrobiopterin as cofactors. L-Tyrosine is converted into L-DOPA by the enzyme AAAH with tetrahydrobiopterin, O2, and ferrous iron (Fe2+) as cofactors. L-DOPA is converted into dopamine by the enzyme aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase (AADC), with pyridoxal phosphate as the cofactor. Dopamine itself is also used as precursor in the synthesis of the neurotransmitters norepinephrine and epinephrine. Dopamine is converted into norepinephrine by the enzyme dopamine β-hydroxylase (DBH), with O2 and L-ascorbic acid as cofactors. Norepinephrine is converted into epinephrine by the enzyme phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase (PNMT) with S-adenosyl-L-methionine as the cofactor.

儿茶酚胺（Catecholamines）是具有儿茶酚核的（苯乙）胺类化合物的统称，是由肾上腺产生的一类应激拟交感「斗或逃」（Fight or Flight）激素。最重要的儿茶酚胺是肾上腺素（Epinephrine）、去甲肾上腺素（正肾上腺素）和多巴胺（Dopamine），均是从苯丙氨酸和酪氨酸合成。不少精神兴奋剂也是儿茶酚胺的类似物。

儿茶酚胺有去甲肾上腺素（NAd）、肾上腺素（Ad）、多巴胺（DA），过多的儿茶酚胺分泌可能导致高血压和心肌梗塞。而低水平的儿茶酚胺可能引起低血压、心肌缺血等的发生 、在临床上儿茶酚胺常被用来治疗神经源性、心源性、中毒源性休克早期，但过多剂量可能导致局部组织坏死或者肾脏衰竭。

英语百科

Catecholamine 儿茶酚胺

（重定向自Methyltyrosine）
Human biosynthesis pathway for trace amines and catecholamines[5][6] L-Phenylalanine L-Tyrosine L-Dopa Epinephrine Phenethylamine p-Tyramine Dopamine Norepinephrine N-Methylphenethylamine N-Methyltyramine p-Octopamine Synephrine 3-Methoxytyramine AADC AADC AADC PNMT PNMT PNMT PNMT AAAH AAAH COMT DBH DBH L-Phenylalanine is converted into L-tyrosine by the enzyme Aromatic amino acid hydroxylase (AAAH), with molecular oxygen (O2) and tetrahydrobiopterin as cofactors. L-Tyrosine is converted into L-DOPA by the enzyme AAAH with tetrahydrobiopterin, O2, and ferrous iron (Fe2+) as cofactors. L-DOPA is converted into dopamine by the enzyme aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase (AADC), with pyridoxal phosphate as the cofactor. Dopamine itself is also used as precursor in the synthesis of the neurotransmitters norepinephrine and epinephrine. Dopamine is converted into norepinephrine by the enzyme dopamine β-hydroxylase (DBH), with O2 and L-ascorbic acid as cofactors. Norepinephrine is converted into epinephrine by the enzyme phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase (PNMT) with S-adenosyl-L-methionine as the cofactor.
Estructura de las catecolaminas y sustancias relacionadas (en rojo, arriba a la izquierda.
Biosíntesis de las catecolaminas.

A catecholamine (/kætəˈkoʊləmin/) (CA) is a monoamine, an organic compound that has a catechol (benzene with two hydroxyl side groups) and a side-chain amine.

Catechol can be either a free molecule or a substituent of a larger molecule, where it represents a 1,2-dihydroxybenzene group.
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更新时间：2025/6/18 3:18:11