The results of our efforts are molecular machines called " base editors" .

我们的研究成果是被称为" 碱基编辑器" 的分子机器。

They affect that part of DNA with the instructions for molecular machines that reduce stress.

它们通过分子机器的指令影响DNA的某个部分，以减轻压力。

Until scientists figured out that disease happens when the molecular machines that keep your body going — your proteins — start misbehaving.

直到科学家们发现，当保持你身体运作的分子机器（即蛋白质）开始作祟的时候，你就会生病。

In this case, this large molecular machine is looking for a segment of DNA that tells it it's at the beginning of a gene.

在这个例子中，这个大型分子机器在寻找一段能告诉它“这里是基因的起始位置” 的 DNA。

So this year's Nobel Laureates have pioneered some important research into molecular machines and topological materials, and it looks like there's a lot more on the horizon!

因此，今年的诺贝尔奖获得者在分子机器和拓扑材料方面开启了一些重要研究。而看起来还有更多研究在即将露面。

Over billions of years of evolution, nature has come up with lots of molecular machines, from whip-like flagella that help cells move, to enzymes that catalyze chemical reactions.

在几十亿年的进化过程中，大自然产生了许多分子机器，从帮助细胞运动的鞭状鞭毛体到催生化学反应的酶。

So this year’s Nobel Laureates have pioneered some important research into molecular machines and topological materials, and it looks like there’s a lot more on the horizon!

因此，今年的诺贝尔奖获得者率先开展了分子机器和拓扑材料的一些重要研究，而且看起来还有更多！

Continuing to develop new molecular machines that can make all of the remaining ways to convert one base pair to another base pair and that minimize unwanted editing at off-target locations in cells is very important.

继续开发新的分子机器，使所有剩余的方法将一个碱基对转换成另一个碱基对，并尽量减少在细胞的非目标位置的不必要编辑，这一点非常重要。

While many of these diseases are thought to be treatable by correcting the underlying mutation in even a modest fraction of cells in an organ, delivering molecular machines like base editors into cells in a human being can be challenging.

尽管许多这些疾病被认为是可以通过纠正器官中哪怕是一小部分细胞的潜在突变来治疗的，但是在人类的细胞中，将诸如碱基编辑器之类的分子机器传送到细胞中是一个挑战。

And you need to think well which bits of that world are going to be important and you need to finish with a cell which has got membranes, it's got molecular machines, it's got DNA and heredity and so on.

你需要思考这个世界的哪些部分是重要的，你需要完成一个有膜的细胞，它有分子机器，它有 DNA 和遗传等等。