Motte-and-bailey castle

（重定向自Motte and Bailey）

A reconstruction of the English city of York in the 15th century, showing the motte and bailey fortifications of Old Baile (left) and York Castle (right)

Plan of Topcliffe Castle in England, an archetypal motte-and-bailey design

The motte and bailey defences of Launceston Castle in England

Windsor Castle, built with a motte (centre) and two baileys (left and right)

A motte-and-bailey castle is a fortification with a wooden or stone keep situated on a raised earthwork called a motte, accompanied by an enclosed courtyard, or bailey, surrounded by a protective ditch and palisade. Relatively easy to build with unskilled, often forced, labour, but still militarily formidable, these castles were built across northern Europe from the 10th century onwards, spreading from Normandy and Anjou in France, into the Holy Roman Empire in the 11th century. The Normans introduced the design into England and Wales following their invasion in 1066. Motte-and-bailey castles were adopted in Scotland, Ireland, the Low Countries and Denmark in the 12th and 13th centuries. By the end of the 13th century, the design was largely superseded by alternative forms of fortification, but the earthworks remain a prominent feature in many countries.

单词	Motte and Bailey
释义	Motte and Bailey 原声例句记忆旅行者 It is believed that the first fortifications on the site were erected by the Normans in the late 11th century, A motte and bailey construction designed to assert control over the newly conquered territory. 据信，该遗址上的第一批防御工事是由诺曼人在 11 世纪后期建造的，这是一座土丘和城墙建筑，旨在控制新征服的领土。英语百科 Motte-and-bailey castle （重定向自Motte and Bailey） A motte-and-bailey castle is a fortification with a wooden or stone keep situated on a raised earthwork called a motte, accompanied by an enclosed courtyard, or bailey, surrounded by a protective ditch and palisade. Relatively easy to build with unskilled, often forced, labour, but still militarily formidable, these castles were built across northern Europe from the 10th century onwards, spreading from Normandy and Anjou in France, into the Holy Roman Empire in the 11th century. The Normans introduced the design into England and Wales following their invasion in 1066. Motte-and-bailey castles were adopted in Scotland, Ireland, the Low Countries and Denmark in the 12th and 13th centuries. By the end of the 13th century, the design was largely superseded by alternative forms of fortification, but the earthworks remain a prominent feature in many countries.
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