鸟铳手或称鸟枪手，是装备鸟铳的人员。

鸟铳手在中国最早出现在明朝。赵士桢着的《神器谱》中，纪载鄂图曼土耳其人（噜密人）鸟铳手打放噜密鸟铳的步骤。 ***在蓟州练兵时的编制中，车营的佛郎机铳手与鸟铳手占战斗人员数量的62.5%，步营的鸟铳手占战斗人员数量的50%。明代至清初时，鸟铳手与其他远程武器射手亦会以火器战车（装载盾牌的推车）作为屏蔽物。

清廷于康熙30年时在满蒙八旗中成立火器营，抽调5000多人专门使用鸟铳。雍正5年至雍正10年，清廷先后规定各省绿营鸟铳手占全数约40%至50%，砲兵约占10%，此比例至19世纪中期前无太大变化。清初八旗兵以弓箭为主要射击武器，清中叶鸟铳兵逐渐取代弓兵，19世纪中叶弓箭则完全废除。

A musketeer (French:mousquetaire) was an early modern type of soldier equipped with a musket. Musketeers were an important part of early modern armies, particularly in Europe. In most cases they served on foot as infantry, though sometimes they could operate on horseback: as a cavalryman or dragoon. The musketeer was a precursor to the rifleman. Muskets were replaced by rifles in most western armies during the mid-1850s. The traditional designation of "musketeer" for an infantry private survived in the Imperial German Army until World War I.