港湾，又称海港，是一个让船只、艇和驳船在风暴天气中停靠的地方或在停止航行时停泊的地方。港湾可以是天然或人造的。一个人工港湾会设有一个故意兴建的防波堤、海塘、码头，或者是经过疏浚而形成的。经过疏浚而形成的海港，需要定期进行清除淤泥的维修工程。前者的例子是美国加州长滩港，而后者的例子则为在自然条件下水深太浅而不适合现代商船和军舰停泊的美国加州圣迭戈港。相比之下，自然港湾由地面上的日珥环绕，例如香港的维多利亚港。

港湾经常与港口混淆。港口是一个让货船卸货和载货的设施，通常位于港湾里面。

A harbor or harbour (see spelling differences), or haven, is a body of water where ships, boats and barges seek shelter from stormy weather, or are stored for future use. Harbors and ports are often confused with each other. A port is a manmade facility built for loading and unloading vessels and dropping off and picking up passengers. Ports are often located in harbors.