One theory is that these physical changes are regulated by an embryonic structure called the neural crest.

一种理论认为，这些身体变化是由被称为神经嵴的胚胎结构调节的。

When a fetus is in its 5th week of development, special cells called neural crest cells start migrating along the spine.

胎儿发育到第5周时，神经嵴细胞开始沿着脊柱移行。

Looking at the changes in horse genomes also gives support for a domestication hypothesis involving neural crest cells.

查看马基因组的变化也支持涉及神经嵴细胞的驯化假说。

In the thoracic region of the spine, neural crest cells differentiate into the neurons of the sympathetic chain, lying on either side of the entire spinal cord.

在脊柱的胸椎节段，神经嵴细胞分化成交感神经链的神经元，分布在整条脊髓的两侧。

In the lumbar region, neural crest cells differentiate into the cells of the adrenal medulla, the inner part of the adrenal gland that sits atop the kidneys.

在腰椎节段，神经嵴细胞分化成肾上腺髓质细胞，位于肾脏上方的肾上腺内部。

Alright, as a quick recap, neuroblastoma is a condition where neural crest cells of the developing sympathetic nervous system and adrenal medulla do not differentiate normally.

好！简单回顾一下：神经母细胞瘤是由于发育中的交感神经链和肾上腺髓质的神经嵴细胞没有正常分化。

An undifferentiated neuroblastoma is mostly comprised of neural crest cells, which are sometimes called small round blue cells, due to a lack of cytoplasm, and a large blue nuclei.

未分化型神经母细胞瘤主要由神经嵴细胞组成，有时也被称为蓝色小圆细胞，这是由于细胞缺少细胞质，且有较大的蓝染的细胞核。

The development of the bottom half of the shell, the plastron, is driven by neural crest cells, which can produce a variety of different cell types including neurons, cartilage and bone.

下半部分的龟壳是胸甲，它由神经嵴细胞主导形成，神经嵴细胞可以发育出多种细胞，像神经元、软骨和骨细胞。

Well during fetal development, there are cells called neural crest cells, which are basically a group of fetal cells that migrate away and differentiate into a variety of different cell types.

在胎儿发育过程中，有一种细胞叫做神经嵴细胞，是一组由胎儿细胞迁移并分化成各种不同类型的细胞。