《十日谈》（Decameron）为意大利文艺复兴时期作家乔万尼·薄伽丘所着的一本写实主义短篇小说集。

1348年繁华的佛罗伦萨发生一场残酷的瘟疫（黑死病），丧钟乱鸣，死了十多万人，在整个欧洲，因此病而死的人多达一千万人。隔年薄伽丘以这次瘟疫为背景，执笔写下了《十日谈》，内容是讲述七位女性和三位男性到佛罗伦斯郊外山上的别墅躲避瘟疫，这十位男女就在赏心悦目的园林里住了下来，除了唱歌跳舞之外，大家决定每人每天讲一个故事来渡过酷热的日子，最后合计讲了一百个故事，即《十日谈》的内容。

《十日谈》故事来源广泛，取材于历史事件、意大利古罗马时期的《金驴记》、法国中世纪的寓言、东方民间故事（阿拉伯、印度和中国的民间故事，如《一千零一夜》、《马可波罗游记》、《七哲人书》），乃至于宫廷传闻、街谈巷议，兼容并蓄，熔铸古典文学和民间文学的特点于一炉。

The Decameron (From the Greek: δέκα - ten & μέρα - day) (Italian: Decameron [deˈkaːmeron; dekameˈrɔn; dekameˈron] or Decamerone [dekameˈroːne]), subtitled Prince Galehaut (Old Italian:Prencipe Galeotto [ˈprentʃipe ɡaleˈɔtto; ˈprɛntʃipe]), is a collection of novellas by the 14th-century Italian author Giovanni Boccaccio (1313–1375). The book is structured as a frame story containing 100 tales told by a group of seven young women and three young men sheltering in a secluded villa just outside Florence to escape the Black Death, which was afflicting the city. Boccaccio probably conceived the Decameron after the epidemic of 1348, and completed it by 1353. The various tales of love in The Decameron range from the erotic to the tragic. Tales of wit, practical jokes, and life lessons contribute to the mosaic. In addition to its literary value and widespread influence (for example on Chaucer's The Canterbury Tales), it provides a document of life at the time. Written in the vernacular of the Florentine language, it is considered a masterpiece of classical early Italian prose.