半岛战争（1808年－1814年）（西班牙称其为“独立战争”，葡萄牙称其为“法国入侵”，而在加泰罗尼亚地区的人则称之为“法国战争”）是“拿破仑战争”中最主要的其中一场战役，地点发生在伊比利亚半岛，交战方分别是西班牙帝国、葡萄牙王国、大英帝国和拿破仑统治下的法兰西第一帝国。

这场战役被称作“铁锤与铁砧”战役，“铁锤”代表的是数量为四万到八万的英-葡联军，指挥官是威灵顿公爵；同另一支“铁砧”力量—即西班牙军队、游击队及葡萄牙民兵相配合，痛击法**队。

战争从1808年由法**队占领西班牙开始，至1814年第六次反法同盟打败拿破仑军队终告结束。

The Peninsular War (1807–1814) was a military conflict between Napoleon's empire and the allied powers of Spain, Britain and Portugal for control of the Iberian Peninsula during the Napoleonic Wars. The war started when French and Spanish armies invaded and occupied Portugal in 1807, and escalated in 1808 when France turned on Spain, its ally until then. The war on the peninsula lasted until the Sixth Coalition defeated Napoleon in 1814, and is regarded as one of the first wars of national liberation, significant for the emergence of large-scale guerrilla warfare.