Though he was Greek, Herodotus's hometown of Halicarnassus was part of the Persian Empire.

尽管希罗多徳是希腊人，但他的家乡哈利卡尔那索斯是波斯帝国的一部分。

Until Muhammad's time, the region hadn't been considered a serious match for the powerful neighboring Persian and Byzantine empires.

直到穆罕默德时代，该地区才被视为与强大的邻国波斯和拜占庭帝国相匹敌。

In 539 BC, the Achaemenid Persian empire takes over Babylon.

公元前 539 年， 阿契美尼德波斯帝国占领了巴比伦。

Let’s start with the Persian empire, which became the model for pretty much all land-based empires throughout the world.

让我们从波斯帝国开始，它成为全世界几乎所有陆基帝国的典范。

So even if you weren’t Persian, the Persian Empire was pretty dreamy.

所以即使你不是波斯人，波斯帝国也很梦幻。

What brought about the decline of this  first iteration of the Persian Empire?

是什么导致了波斯帝国第一次迭代的衰落？

Plus, Zoroastrianism forbid slavery, and so slavery was almost unheard of in the Persian Empire.

此外，琐罗亚斯德教禁止奴隶制，因此奴隶制在波斯帝国几乎闻所未闻。

Without a doubt, Xerxes was the catalyst  that started the fall of the Persian Empire.

毫无疑问，薛西斯是导致波斯帝国衰落的催化剂。

By 330 BCE, the Persian empire would topple to the  invading armies of Alexander the Great of Macedon.

到公元前 330 年，波斯帝国将被马其顿亚历山大大帝的入侵军队推翻。

Maybe Rome became an empire before it had an emperor. Like, remember the Persian Empire?

也许罗马在有皇帝之前就成为了 一个帝国。 比如，还记得波斯帝国吗？