精确主义（Precisionism）是美国本土的第一场现代艺术运动，紧随其后的就是现代主义在美国的兴起。精确主义艺术首次出现于第一次世界大战期间，在1920年代和30年代早期达到高峰，题材主要是新兴的美国大厦、桥梁和工厂等建筑物，其风格也被称作“立体现实主义”（Cubist-Realism）。

“Precisionism”这个词本身出现在1920年代中期，提出者可能是现代艺术博物馆的主管阿尔弗雷德·H·巴尔（Alfred H. Barr）。当时精确主义作品也常以“Immaculates”（无暇）一词来描述。

Precisionism was the first indigenous modern-art movement in the United States and an early American contribution to the rise of Modernism. The Precisionist style, which first emerged after World War I and was at the height of its popularity during the 1920s and early 1930s, celebrated the new American landscape of skyscrapers, bridges, and factories in a form that has also been called "Cubist-Realism." The term "Precisionism" was first coined in the mid-1920s, possibly by Museum of Modern Art director Alfred H. Barr. Painters working in this style were also known as the "Immaculates," which was the more commonly used term at the time. The stiffness of both art-historical labels suggests the difficulties contemporary critics had in attempting to characterize these artists.