统一软件开发过程（英语：Rational Unified Process，缩写为RUP），一种软件工程方法，为迭代式软件开发流程。最早由Rational Software公司开发，因此冠上公司名称。Rational Software公司后来被IBM并购，成为IBM之下的一个部门，因此又称IBM-Rational Unified Process。

RUP描述了如何有效地利用商业的可靠的方法开发和部署软件，是一种重量级过程（也被称作厚方法学），因此特别适用于大型软件团队开发大型项目。

在软件工程领域，与RUP齐名的软件方法还有：

The Rational Unified Process (RUP) is an iterative software development process framework created by the Rational Software Corporation, a division of IBM since 2003. RUP is not a single concrete prescriptive process, but rather an adaptable process framework, intended to be tailored by the development organizations and software project teams that will select the elements of the process that are appropriate for their needs. RUP is a specific implementation of the unified process.