死海（希伯来语：ים המלח‎，意为「盐海」（Sea of Salt）；阿拉伯语：البحر الميت‎，al-Baḥr l-Mayyit，即「死海」（The Sea of Death）），位于以色列，约旦和巴勒斯坦交界，水源为约旦河。是世界上最低的湖泊，湖面海拔负424米，死海的湖岸是地球上已露出陆地的最低点，湖长67公里，宽18公里，面积810平方公里。死海也是世界上最深和最咸的咸水湖，最深处380米，最深处湖床海拔−800米，湖水盐度极高，且越到湖底越高。最深处有湖水已经化石化（一般海水含盐量为3.5%，而死海的含盐量在23%至30%左右。表层水中的盐分227g/L至275g/L，深层水中达327g/L），为一般海水的8.6倍，也是地球上盐分居第三位的水体，仅次于含盐量第二的吉布提阿萨勒湖（Lake Assal）及第一的南极洲唐胡安池，位于以色列、西岸地区和约旦之间的大裂谷约旦裂谷。汇入死海的主要河流是约旦河。目前死海水位平均每年下降1米，原因是注入死海的约旦河水由于农业灌溉从过去每年13亿立方米减少到目前3000万立方米；死海沿岸的盐化工业抽提用水。

The Dead Sea (Hebrew: יָם הַמֶּלַח, Yam ha-Melah, "Sea of Salt", also Hebrew: יָם הַמָּוֶת, Yam ha-Mavet, "The Sea of Death", and Arabic: البحر الميت‎  Al-Bahr al-Mayyit ), also called the Salt Sea, is a salt lake bordered by Jordan to the east and Israel and the West Bank to the west. Its surface and shores are 429 metres (1,407 ft) below sea level, Earth's lowest elevation on land. The Dead Sea is 304 m (997 ft) deep, the deepest hypersaline lake in the world. With 34.2% salinity (in 2011), it is also one of the world's saltiest bodies of water, though Lake Vanda in Antarctica (35%), Lake Assal in Djibouti (34.8%), Lagoon Garabogazköl in the Caspian Sea (up to 35%) and some hypersaline ponds and lakes of the McMurdo Dry Valleys in Antarctica (such as Don Juan Pond (44%)) have reported higher salinities. It is 9.6 times as salty as the ocean. This salinity makes for a harsh environment in which animals cannot flourish, hence its name. The Dead Sea is 50 kilometres (31 mi) long and 15 kilometres (9 mi) wide at its widest point. It lies in the Jordan Rift Valley and its main tributary is the Jordan River.