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单词 Scheduled Castes
释义

Scheduled Castes

中文百科

表列种姓和表列部落 Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes

(重定向自Scheduled Castes)
印度奥里萨邦的库蒂亚-孔德人原住民妇女
Scheduled castes distribution map in India by state and union territory according to 2011 Census.[1] Punjab had the highest % of its population as SC (~32%), while India's island territories and two northeastern states had 0%.[1]
Scheduled Tribes distribution map in India by state and union territory according to 2011 Census.[1] Mizoram and Lakshadweep had the highest % of its population as ST (~95%), while Punjab and Haryana had 0%.[1]

表列种姓(在册种姓;贱民;不可接触者;达利特;Scheduled Castes;SCs) 和表列部落(在册部落;原始部落;野蛮部落(wild tribe);山民部落(hill tribe);Scheduled Tribes;STs)是印度因历史原因形成的、处于印度主流社会之外的、印度宪法规定的两类社会弱势群体的总称。英国人统治印度次大陆时期,他们被称之为“被压迫阶级”。2001年印度人口普查数据表明,印度人口为102873万,表列种姓为16663万,比例为16.2%;表列部落为8432万,比例为8.2%,两类人合计占印度全国总人口的24.4%。 1950年的印度宪法(The Constitution [Scheduled Castes] Order, 1950 及the Constitution [Scheduled Tribes] Order, 1950)将此两类群体(印度全国有25个邦 1,108个贱民种姓及22个邦744个部落 )专门列表,在议员选举中为他们保留席位,这些种姓和部落因此获得了表列种姓和表列部落的名称。此两类群体再加上印度其他落后阶层(Other Backward Class)群体,共占印度总人口的60%,被划入印度保护人群(reservation in India)。经过印度的宪法之父、出身贱民的阿姆倍伽尔博士的不懈努力,保护区政策成为印度宪法中不可分割的重要组成部分。 在他的倡导和推动下,表列种姓从此成为前贱民的一个中立的名称,“达利特”成为“贱民”(意为被践踏者)或“不可接触者”的统一的自称,也成为今天表列种姓的自称。此外,圣雄甘地曾将他们称为"上帝的孩子"(哈里扬,Harijan),这一名称如今偶尔还能从其他社区人口中或笔下见到。

英语百科

Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes 表列种姓和表列部落

(重定向自Scheduled Castes)
Scheduled castes distribution map in India by state and union territory according to 2011 Census.[1] Punjab had the highest % of its population as SC (~32%), while India's island territories and two northeastern states had 0%.[1]
Scheduled Tribes distribution map in India by state and union territory according to 2011 Census.[1] Mizoram and Lakshadweep had the highest % of its population as ST (~95%), while Punjab and Haryana had 0%.[1]
印度奥里萨邦的库蒂亚-孔德人原住民妇女

The Scheduled Castes (SCs) and Scheduled Tribes (STs) are official designations given to various groups of historically disadvantaged indigenous people in India. The terms are recognised in the Constitution of India and the various groups are designated in one or other of the categories. During the period of British rule in the Indian subcontinent, they were known as the Depressed Classes.

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更新时间:2025/6/18 7:02:14