学校恐惧症（School Phobia），又称校园恐惧症亦或拒学症，为一种儿童及青少年的心理疾病。是离别焦虑障碍的一种特殊表现形式。

拒学症的好发期以5~7岁为第一波好发期，之后分别为11~12岁以及14岁之后，和入学升学年龄有密切关连，以女性发病率较高。影响的时间则没有一定标准，轻微者可能数月至一年，严重者可能终其一生都恐惧校园生活。

School refusal is the refusal to attend school due to emotional distress. School refusal differs from truancy in that children with school refusal feel anxiety or fear towards school, whereas truant children generally have no feelings of fear towards school, often feeling angry or bored with it instead. Children's Hospital Boston provides a chart showing the difference between the school refusal and truancy.