This straightforward sort of bond is called a sigma bond.

这种简单的债券称为 sigma 债券。

Double bonds consist of a sigma bond and a pi bond.

双键由西格玛键和π键组成。

The sp orbital, the one that forms the sigma bonds here, is linear.

在这里形成西格玛键的 sp 轨道是线性的。

That pi bond bridges the sigma bond, locking it in place.

那个 pi 键桥接 sigma 键，将它锁定到位。

As they come together for the bond, the sigma bonds will occur between the hybridized orbitals.

当它们聚在一起形成键时， σ键将出现在杂化轨道之间。

Single bonds, also called sigma bonds, are pretty simple, and carbon atoms attached by them can rotate around the bond freely.

单键，也称为西格玛键，非常简单，它们所附着的碳原子可以围绕键自由旋转。

The triple bonds in alkynes, meanwhile, are composed of 1 sigma bond and 2 pi bonds for a total of 3 bonds.

同时，炔烃中的三键由 1 个 sigma 键和 2 个 pi 键组成，总共 3 个键。

This is because the carbon atoms in diamonds share sigma bonds, not pi bonds, which doesn't allow the electrons much freedom of movement.

这是因为钻石中的碳原子共享 sigma 键， 而不是 pi 键，这不允许电子有太多的运动自由度。

Pi bonds are significantly more unstable than sigma bonds, so double and triple bonds are pretty easy to break, opening the doors for some good chemistry.

Pi 键明显比 sigma 键不稳定，因此双键和三键很容易断裂， 为一些良好的化学反应打开了大门。

These occur when an atom is either triple bonded to another atom or is double bonded to 2 atoms. The sp orbital, the one that forms the sigma bonds here, is linear.

当一个原子与另一个原子形成三键或与 2 个原子形成双键时， 就会发生这种情况。在这里形成西格玛键的 sp 轨道是线性的。

Just to note to avoid confusion: polyethylene has that " -ene" sound in it, right, but it's not an alkene because all those double bonds get broken to form new sigma bonds.

请注意以避免混淆：聚乙烯中有“-ene” 的发音，对吧，但它不是烯烃，因为所有这些双键都会断裂形成新的 sigma 键。