And of course all of those elements have to be at their standard states.

当然， 所有这些元素都必须处于标准状态。

Chemicals in their standard state are at 25 degrees Celsius and one atmosphere.

标准状态下的化学品处于 25 摄氏度和一个大气压下。

So if the voltage is positive, it means that under standard state conditions, the reaction will spontaneously go forward.

所以如果电压为正， 说明在标准状态条件下， 反应会自发进行。

Keep in mind that potentials are determined at standard state: 25 degrees Celsius and 1 molar solutions of the copper and zinc ions.

请记住，电位是在标准状态下确定的：25 摄氏度和铜和锌离子的 1 摩尔溶液。

So scientists created a baseline by setting the standard free energy change of formation for an element in its most stable form at standard state to zero.

因此，科学家通过将标准状态下最稳定形式的元素的标准自由能形成变化设置为零来创建基线。

Since absolute enthalpy is unknowable though, we have to be measuring from a baseline, and that baseline is that individual elements' most stable form at standard state.

由于绝对焓是不可知的， 我们必须从基线开始测量，而该基线是单个元素在标准状态下最稳定的形式。

The standard free energy of formation, written like this, is the change of free energy that occurs when a substance is formed from its elements at a standard state.

标准形成自由能， 这样写，是物质在标准状态下由其元素形成时发生的自由能变化。

To define standard enthalpy of formation, I'm first going to define what a standard state is: Basically it's just a set of criteria so that chemists can all be studying stuff under the same conditions.

要定义标准生成焓， 我首先要定义标准状态是什么：基本上它只是一组标准，因此化学家都可以在相同条件下研究东西。