More specifically, the track ballast constitutes the trackbed upon which sleepers or railroad ties are laid.
更具体地说,轨道道砟构成铺设枕木或枕木的轨道床。
英语百科
Track bed
(重定向自Trackbed)
The track bed or trackbed is the groundwork onto which a railway track is laid. Trackbeds of disused railways are sometimes used for recreational paths or new light rail links.
According to Network Rail, the trackbed is the layers of ballast and sub-ballast above a prepared subgrade/formation (see diagram). It is designed primarily to reduce the stress on the subgrade.