三鳍鳚科（学名：Tripterygiidae）为辐鳍鱼纲鲈形目鳚亚目的其中一个科。

三鳍鳚科其下分31个属，如下：

Threefin or triplefin blennies are blennioids, small perciform marine fish of the family Tripterygiidae. Found in tropical and temperate waters of the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian Oceans, the family contains about 150 species in 30 genera. The family name derives from the Greek tripteros meaning "with three wings".