轮椅竞速或称赛轮椅，是使用轮椅在跑道或公路上进行的比赛。参与比赛的运动员为截肢、脊髓损伤、脑性麻痹和部分失明的残疾人。轮椅赛可以在任何跑步比赛的赛道中进行，比赛时要求运动员驱动轮子或转动摇把前进，不可以使用任何可以驱动轮椅的机械装置或杠杆。自1960年以来一直是田径比赛的一部分。参赛者比赛中使用的是专门的轮椅，可使运动员的速度达到30千米/小时或更快。

残奥会的轮椅竞速项目按照运动员的运动能力和伤残等级可分为T51 、T52、T53、T54四级，其中T54级是伤残程度最轻的运动员。

Wheelchair racing is the racing of wheelchairs in track and road races. Wheelchair racing is open to athletes with any qualifying type of disability, amputees, spinal cord injuries, cerebral palsy and partially sighted (when combined with another disability). Athletes are classified in accordance with the nature and severity of their disability or combinations of disabilities. Like running, it can take place on a track or as a road race. The main competitions take place at the Summer Paralympics which wheelchair racing and athletics has been a part of since 1960. Competitors compete in specialized wheelchairs which allow the athletes to reach speeds of 30 km/h or more. It is one of the most prominent forms of Paralympic athletics.