Deficiency syndrome, including deficiency of yin, yang, qi, blood, essence, body fluid and the viscera, is caused either by congenital insufficiency or postnatal malnutrition.

虚证包括阴、阳、气、血、精、津，以及脏腑等各种不同的虚损，由先天不足和后天失调所引起。

In this way the body keeps its balance of water metabolism and avoids over consumption of yang qi.

这样，机体保持自身的水液代谢平衡，避免阳气过度消耗。

For instance, edema is mainly caused by insufficiency of yang qi, dysfunction of qi transformation, disturbance of water metabolism and retention of fluid.

例如，水肿主要是由阳气不足、气化失调、水液代谢紊乱和水液停滞引起的。

Yin collapse or yang collapse refers to a critical morbid state due to sudden and excessive loss of yin fluid or yang qi.

阴阳亡失指机体的阴液或阳气的突然大量亡失，导致生命垂危的一种病理状态。

And during autumn and winter, yang qi goes inward and astringes, qi and blood of the body tend to flow internally, causing less sweating and more urination.

秋天和冬天，阳气内敛，身体气血趋向于里，出现出汗少、排尿多。

Relative debilitation of yang is mainly caused by congenital deficiency, or postnatal malnutrition and endogenous impairment due to overstrain, or consumption of yang qi due to prolonged illness.

阴偏衰主要由于先天禀赋不足，或后天饮食失养和劳倦内伤，或久病损伤阳气所致。

For example, in spring and summer, yang qi goes outward and flourishes, qi and blood of the body tend to circulate superficially, consequently leading to more sweating and less urination.

例如，春天和夏天，阳气外发，身体气血趋向于表，出现出汗多、排尿少。

The former refers to a morbid state marked by deficiency of both yin and yang resulting from yin deficiency due to loss of yin fluid that makes the production of yang qi deficient.

前者指阴液亏损累及阳气化生不足，形成以阴虚为主的阴阳两虚病理状态。