写生，是直接面对对象进行描绘的一种绘画方法，基本有“风景写生”、“静物写生”和“人像写生”等多种根据描绘对象不同的分类。一般写生不作为成品绘画，只是为作品搜集素材，但逐渐发展也有的画家直接用写生的方法创作，尤其是印象派的画家，经常利用风景写生，直接描绘瞬间即逝的光影变化，所以有时也被称为“外光派画家”。

西方画家非常重视写生，主要以写生来搜集素材；中国画家则一般主要依靠看和记忆，有的画家也“临渊摹笔”，但绝大部分古代画家虽然也强调“师法自然”，但只是饱览名山大川，回家以后凭记忆下笔。

写生对描绘细节和光影变化非常重要，人不可能记住所有这些细节，经常写生对研究色彩学的规律也非常有启发。写生也是开始学习绘画时最重要的训练方法。

This article is about models of sculptures. For models of buildings see Architectural model.

A maquette (French word for scale model, sometimes referred to by the Italian names plastico or modello) is a small scale model or rough draft of an unfinished sculpture. An equivalent term is bozzetto, from the Italian word that means "sketch".

It is used to visualize and test shapes and ideas without incurring the cost and effort of producing a full-scale product. It is the analogue of the painter's cartoon, modello, oil sketch or drawn sketch. For commissioned sculptures, especially monumental public sculptures, a maquette may be used to show the client how the finished work will fit in the proposed site. The term may also refer to a prototype for a video game, film, or any other type of media. Modello, unlike the other terms, is also used for sketches for two-dimensional works such as paintings. Like oil sketches, these works in progress can be at least as much sought after as completed works by highly regarded artists, showing the process of developing an idea. Gian Lorenzo Bernini, a sculptor from the Baroque period, made his bozzetti from wax or baked terracotta to show his patrons how the final piece was intended to look. Eleven of these bozzetti were displayed in an exhibition at the Art Institute of Chicago in 2004. Some museums specialize in collections of maquettes, such as the Museo dei Bozzetti in Pietrasanta, Italy.