犬型亚目 （Caniformia）是食肉目的一个亚目。其中包括犬科、熊科、浣熊科、熊猫科等类别，鳍足类（海狮与海豹）也被某些人归为此亚目。本亚目中多数动物的爪都不能伸缩（但鱼貂、貂属、小猫熊与蓬尾浣熊的爪具有ㄧ定收缩能力），且除了犬科外均属踯行性（即跖骨平坦地行走）。犬型亚目与猫型亚目的区别在于较长的爪、较少的牙齿与较不特化的裂齿，且较偏向杂食性（猫型亚目多为肉食性）与伺机性猎食。解剖上，犬型亚目的耳骨泡由ㄧ枚骨头组成，只有ㄧ个腔室，猫型亚目的则由两枚骨头由中隔连接组成，有两个腔室。

犬型亚目物种多样化的中心在北美洲与欧亚大陆北部，相对的猫型亚目多样化的中心在非洲与南亚。

Caniformia, or Canoidea (literally "dog-like"), is a suborder within the order Carnivora. They typically possess a long snout and nonretractile claws (in contrast to the cat-like carnivorans, the Feliformia). The Pinnipedia (seals and sea lions) evolved from caniform ancestors and are accordingly assigned to this group. Most members of this group have nonretractile claws (the fisher, marten, red panda, and ringtail have retractile or semiretractile claws) and tend to be plantigrade (with the exception of the Canidae). Other traits that separate Caniformia from Feliformia is that caniforms have longer jaws and have more teeth, with less specialized carnassial teeth. They also tend more towards omnivorous and opportunistic feeding, while the feliforms are more specialized for eating meat. Caniforms have single-chambered or partially divided auditory bullae, composed of a single bone, while in feliforms, the auditory bullae are double-chambered, composed of two bones joined by a septum.