Andrew Churchill, who runs JJChurchill, a family firm that makes turbine blades and other high-tech kit, says capital equipment is ten times more expensive it was a decade ago.

安德鲁·丘吉尔运营着一家名为JJ丘吉尔的家族企业，这家公司主要制造涡轮叶片和其他高科技装备，他说资本设备比十年前整整贵了10倍。

In particular, capital consumption is said to occur in circumstances where there is quite clearly no net decrease in capital equipment as defined above.

特别是，据说资本消耗发生在上述定义的资本设备明显没有净减少的情况下。

But the fact has been overlooked that copper is only an extreme case of what occurs whenever capital equipment is used to produce.

但事实却被忽视了，即铜只是资本设备用于生产时发生的极端情况。

Hence, in the aggregate the excess of income over consumption, which we call saving, cannot differ from the addition to capital equipment which we call investment.

因此，总的来说，收入超过消费的部分（我们称之为储蓄）与资本设备的增加（我们称之为投资）没有区别。

Up to this point the decreasing return from applying more labour to a given capital equipment has been offset by the acquiescence of labour in a diminishing real wage.

到目前为止，将更多劳动力用于给定资本设备所带来的回报递减已被劳动力默许的实际工资递减所抵消。

It follows, therefore, that, in spite of the above, to-day's employment can be correctly described as being governed by to-day's expectations taken in conjunction with to-day's capital equipment.

因此，尽管有上述情况，但今天的就业可以正确地描述为受今天的预期和今天的资本设备的支配。

We have no need of a quantitative comparison between this output and the output which would result from associating a different set of workers with a different capital equipment.

我们不需要对这一产出与将一组不同的工人与不同的资本设备相关联所产生的产出进行定量比较。

Real income measured in terms of product and income measured in terms of wage-units will, however, increase and decrease together (in the short period when capital equipment is virtually unchanged).

然而，以产品衡量的实际收入和以工资单位衡量的收入将同时增加和减少（在资本设备几乎没有变化的短期内）。

And he will end up with a capital equipment, which term includes both his stocks of unfinished goods or working capital and his stocks of finished goods, having a value G.

他最终会得到一个资本设备，这个术语包括他的未成品存货或营运资金以及他的成品存货，其价值为 G。

The second type is concerned with what the entrepreneur can hope to earn in the shape of future returns if he purchases (or, perhaps, manufactures) 'finished' output as an addition to his capital equipment.

第二种类型是关于如果企业家购买（或者， 也许，制造）“成品” 产出作为他的资本设备的补充， 他希望以未来回报的形式赚取什么。

The question, also, of the volume of the available resources, in the sense of the size of the employable population, the extent of natural wealth and the accumulated capital equipment, has often been treated descriptively.

可用资源的数量问题， 即就业人口的规模、自然财富的范围和积累的资本设备， 也经常被描述性地对待。

It is preferable to regard labour, including, of course, the personal services of the entrepreneur and his assistants, as the sole factor of production, operating in a given environment of technique, natural resources, capital equipment and effective demand.

最好将劳动力，当然包括企业家及其助手的个人服务，视为唯一的生产要素，在给定的技术、自然资源、资本设备和有效需求环境中运作。