Casciana Terme (Latin Castrum ad Aquas, Balneum ad Aquas) is a town of 2,500 inhabitants in the comune of Casciana Terme Lari, in the province of Pisa.

The name Casciana derives from the Latin name of Cassius, with the meaning of "Cassio’s Land”, but the location is first mentioned by the name of Acqui at the end of the 9th century, with reference to the thermal characteristics of the place. The village was called Bagni di Casciana, referring to the center of Casciana, until 1956 when it assumed its present name.