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单词 Caytonanthus
释义

Caytonanthus

中文百科

开通目 Caytoniales

(重定向自Caytonanthus)

开通目Caytoniales)是一类已灭绝的种子植物。根、茎不详,主要保存下来的化石是叶和生殖器官。叶化石为鱼网叶(Sagenopteris),有长柄,顶端长有3至6枚小叶,小叶具有明显中脉;雄性生殖器为开通花(Caytonanthus);雌性生殖器为开通果(Caytonia)。广泛分布于格陵兰、加拿大、西伯利亚和中国晚三叠纪和晚白垩纪。曾被认为是被子植物的祖先。

英语百科

Caytoniales 开通目

(重定向自Caytonanthus)
Fig. 2
A) leaf structure B) Venation C) Seed structure D) Pollen grain E) Pollen sacs F)Cupule G) Pollen sac structure H) Ovule
Fig. 3
Fossil leaves of Sagenopteris phillipsii from the Gristhorpe Bed at Cayton Bay. Natural History Museum specimen photographed by G.J.Retallack
Fig. 4
Fossil Caytonia nathorstii, the reproductive structure that encloses ovules. Natural History Museum specimen photographed by G.J. Retallack.

The Caytoniales (Figs. 1-2) are an extinct order of seed plants known from fossils collected throughout the Mesozoic Era, specifically in the late Triassic to Maastrichtian period, around 250 to 70 million years ago. They are regarded as seed ferns because they are seed-bearing plants with fern-like leaves. Although at one time considered angiosperms because of their berry-like cupules, that hypothesis was later disproven. Nevertheless, some authorities consider them likely ancestors of angiosperms, whereas others consider angiosperms more likely derived from Glossopteridales. The origin of angiosperms remains an intriguing puzzle (see Evolutionary history of plants).

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更新时间:2025/6/20 1:06:59