红翅黑鹂（学名：Agelaius phoeniceus，英文名：Red-winged blackbird），亦作红翅乌鸫、美洲红翼鸫，是黑鹂属的一种鸟类，主要分布于北美洲。分有多个族群，北部的族群在冬季飞往南部过冬，此外在萨尔瓦多西部、洪都拉斯西北部和哥斯达黎加西北部有独立的族群。数量极多，是北美洲数量最多的陆禽，学者对这种鸟也有极为透彻的研究。红翅黑鹂的两性异形特征十分明显，雄性通体黑色、有红色的肩部和黄色色带，雌性通体深褐色，无其他明显特征。红翅黑鹂是杂食动物，以植物种子和昆虫为食。

The red-winged blackbird (Agelaius phoeniceus) is a passerine bird of the family Icteridae found in most of North and much of Central America. It breeds from Alaska and Newfoundland south to Florida, the Gulf of Mexico, Mexico, and Guatemala, with isolated populations in western El Salvador, northwestern Honduras, and northwestern Costa Rica. It may winter as far north as Pennsylvania and British Columbia, but northern populations are generally migratory, moving south to Mexico and the southern United States. Claims have been made that it is the most abundant living land bird in North America, as bird-counting censuses of wintering red-winged blackbirds sometimes show that loose flocks can number in an excess of a million birds per flock and the full number of breeding pairs across North and Central America may exceed 250 million in peak years. It also ranks among the best-studied wild bird species in the world. The red-winged blackbird is sexually dimorphic; the male is all black with a red shoulder and yellow wing bar, while the female is a nondescript dark brown. Seeds and insects make up the bulk of the red-winged blackbird's diet.