关系键是关系数据库的重要组成部分。关系键是一个表中的一个或几个属性，用来标识该表的每一行或与另一个表产生联系。

主键，又称主码（英语：primary key或unique key）。数据库表中对储存数据对象予以唯一和完整标识的数据列或属性的组合。一个数据列只能有一个主键，且主键的取值不能缺失，即不能为空值（Null）。

从技术的角度来看，primary key和unique key有很多相似之处。但还是有以下区别：

A superkey is defined in the relational model of database organization as a set of attributes of a relation variable for which it holds that in all relations assigned to that variable, there are no two distinct tuples (rows) that have the same values for the attributes in this set. Equivalently a superkey can also be defined as a set of attributes of a relation schema upon which all attributes of the schema are functionally dependent.