共聚焦显微成像技术（英语：Confocal microscopy）是一种利用逐点照明和空间针孔调制来去除样品非焦点平面的散射光的光学成像手段，相比于传统成像方法可以提高光学分辨率和视觉对比度。

商业化的共聚焦显微镜（英语：Confocal microscope）分三类：

Confocal microscopy is an optical imaging technique for increasing optical resolution and contrast of a micrograph by means of adding a spatial pinhole placed at the confocal plane of the lens to eliminate out-of-focus light. It enables the reconstruction of three-dimensional structures from the obtained images. This technique has gained popularity in the scientific and industrial communities and typical applications are in life sciences, semiconductor inspection and materials science.